Type of Credit: Partially Required
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Number of Students
本科目是有關當代北美地區國家之外交政策概論及運用課程。本課程為學期課，三學分。課程內容除基本概念外，將討論自第二次世界大戰結束以來之美國與加拿大外交政策與相關理論。
由於課程重點分配，本課程將以美國外交政策為主，包括冷戰緣起與圍堵政策、越戰、尼克森主義、卡特主義、雷根主義等，並涉及相關國際關係理論的討論，如安全困境、相互保證毀滅等，亦將論近年來反恐戰爭（War on Terror）的發展及川普政府外交政策走向。本課程從冷戰伊始的國際體系變遷著手，但也將觸及美國外交政策的國內根源，包括總統與國會以及民意的關係。然受限於授課時數，有關冷戰結束後，新興的低階政治議題如經濟互賴、環境保護、及人權等議題，並非本課程重點。本課程亦將以美國外交政策之分析架構，探究加拿大之外交政策。
本課程的設計有兩項主要目的：一方面藉由過去的外交事件，使同學對當代北美地區國家外交政策的來源及其後續效應等，有一初步認識；另一方面則希望能進一步培養同學獨立分析的能力，讓同學討論於可預見的未來，各國追求其國家目標之際，在國際與國內兩個層面上，可能面臨的機會與限制。
能力項目說明
本課程前段以教師講授為主，同學應於課前預習當週教材，並於課堂上參與討論發言。為幫助同學培養獨立分析與進行報告的能力，自第三週起，將由同學分組，隨課堂進度進行書面摘要報告。
本課程目的在於提供同學對於美國外交政策的廣度，並希望同學能對於各階段事件與政策的發展，有一通盤的掌握與了解。本課程評量以期中及期末考試為主，同學並須於課堂提供書面摘要報告、參與討論。
本課程教材以英文文獻為主，除討論指定專書外，將輔以期刊文章。本課程指定之專書就閱讀難度而言應屬中等，但期刊文章或有些許難度，請修習同學留意。
學習成效與評量：
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學習目標 與成效 |
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專題 書面報告 |
專題 口頭報告 |
心得、課堂討論及其他 |
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具備有效學各項學習資源及數位學習之能力 |
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具備深度閱讀之能力 |
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養成自主與終身學習之態度與能力 |
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具備團隊合作與製作簡報之能力 |
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第一週：外交政策研究：研究什麼？如何研究？
* Margret Hermann, “The Study of American Foreign Policy,” in Hook and Jones, Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy, pp. 3-18.
Jentleson, American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century, pp. 2-26 (chapter 1).
第二週：美國與加拿大的世界觀：American Exceptionalism and Middle Power Strategy
Taesuh Cha, “American Exceptionalism at the Crossroads: Three Responses,” Political Studies Review, 13 (2015), pp. 351-362.
Jeffrey W. Legro, Rethinking the World: Great Power Strategies and International Order (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005), pp. 49-83 (chapter 3).
Sean Clark, “Steady March toward Greatness? Tracing the Evolution of Canada’s International Position,” Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, Vol. 22, No. 3 (2016), pp. 228-248.
Asa McKercher, “ ‘Ultimate Destiny’ Delayed: The Liberals, the Organization of American States, and Canadian Foreign Policy, 1963-1968,” Diplomacy & Statecraft, Vol: 25 (2014), pp. 472-491.
* Herring, From Colony to Superpower, chapters 1-4.
進階參考資料：
James McCormick, “Diplomatic History,” in Hook and Jones, Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy, pp.19-32.
第三週：冷戰的起源：From Russia with Love 〈第一組〉
Hook and Spanier, AFP, pp. 22-71 (chapters 2&3).
進階參考資料：
Herring, From Colony to Superpower, chapters 13&14.
Norman A. Graebner, “Cold War Origins and the Continuing Debate: A Review of Recent Literature,” The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 13, No. 1 (March 1969), pp. 123-132.
第四週：第三世界與古巴危機：Who is Responsible for What? 〈第二組〉
Hook and Spanier, AFP, pp. 72-89 (chapter 4).
Jentleson, American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century, pp. 130-133.
Christopher Jones, “Bureaucratic Politics,” in Hook and Jones, Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy, pp. 118-131.
進階參考資料：
Philip Zelikow, “Foreign Policy Engineering: From Theory to Practice and Back Again,” International Security, Vol. 18, No. 4 (Spring 1994), pp. 143-171.
第五週：越戰的影響： “Come Home, America.” 〈第三組〉
Hook and Spanier, AFP, chapter 4.
Lee H. Hamilton, “Relations between the President and Congress in Wartime,” in James A. Thurber, ed., Rivals for Power: Presidential-Congressional Relations, 4thEd. (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009), pp. 285-307. （本篇文章主要討論越戰以來的「戰爭法案」，並涉及九一一事件後的相關發展，請同學留意）
James Thomson, “How Could Vietnam Happen? An Autopsy,” in James McCormick ed., The Domestic Sources of American Foreign Policy: Insights and Evidence (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2012), pp. 333-344.
第六週：冷戰的暫時緩和：Détente? 〈第四組〉
Jentleson, American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century, pp. 160-177.
Stephen G. Walker, “The Interface between Beliefs and Behavior: Henry Kissinger’s Operational Code and the Vietnam War,” Journal of Conflict Resolution (March 1977), pp. 129-168.
第七週：卡特與雷根時期：Crusader and Cowboy 〈第五組〉
Hook and Spanier, AFP, pp. 111-149 (chapters 5&6).
Bruce Jentleson, American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century, pp. 177-196.
進階參考資料：
Andrew Z. Katz, “Public Opinion and the Contradictions of Jimmy Carter’s Foreign Policy,” Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 30, Iss. 4 (December 2000), pp. 662-687.
Stephen M. Walt, “Testing Theories of Alliance Formation: the Case of Southwest Asia.” International Organization, Vol. 42, No. 2 (Spring 1988), pp. 275-316.
第八週：冷戰結束：Power, Interests, Ideas, or What? 〈第六組〉
Stephen G. Brooks and William C. Wohlforth, “Power, Globalization, and the End of the Cold War: Reevaluating a Landmark Case for Ideas,” International Security, Vol. 25, No. 3 (Winter 2000/01), pp. 5-53.
進階參考資料：
I.M. Destler, “The Foreign Economic Bureaucracy,” in Stephen W. Hook and Christopher M. Jones, eds., Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy (NY: Routledge, 2012), pp. 217-230.
Daniel Deudney and G. John Ikenberry, “The International Sources of Soviet Change,” International Security, Vol.16, No 3 (Winter 1991/92), pp. 74-118.
Richard Ned Lebow and Thomas Risse-Kappen, eds., International Relations Theory and the End of the Cold War (New York: Columbia University Press, 1995).
第九週：隨堂期中考試
第十週：冷戰結束後的北美國際關係：US Bound to Lead, but How? 〈第七組〉
Ralph G. Carter, Essentials of U.S. Foreign Policy Making (NY: Pearson, 2015), ch. 7, pp. 113-135.
John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt, “The Israel Lobby,” in G. John Ikenberry and Peter Trubowitz, eds., American Foreign Policy: Theoretical Essays (NY: Oxford University Press, 2015), pp. 277-294.
Nik Hynek & David Bosold, eds., Canada’s Foreign and Security Policy: Soft and Hard Strategies of a Middle Power (New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2010), selected chapters.
第十一週：單極霸權：A 500-pound Gorilla in Wonderland 〈第八組〉
William Wohlforth, “Unipolar Stability,” Harvard International Review, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Spring 2007), pp. 44-48.
Robert Jervis, “Understanding the Bush Doctrine,” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 118, Iss. 3 (Fall 2003), pp. 365-388.
Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth, “International Relations Theory and the Case against Unilateralism,” Perspectives on Politics, Vol. 3, No. 3 (September 2005), pp. 509-524.
進階參考資料：
Robert Pape, “Soft Balancing against the United States,” International Security, Vol. 30, No. 1 (Summer 2005), pp. 7-45.
T.V. Paul, “Soft Balancing in the Age of U.S. Primacy,” International Security, Vol. 30, No. 1 (Summer 2005), pp. 46-71.
Stephen M. Walt, Taming American Power: The Global Response to U.S. Primacy (New York: Norton, 2005), Ch. 3.
第十二週：【美國文化中心參訪（TBC）】
第十三週：歐巴馬的承繼與改變：A World of Change? 〈第九組〉
Hook and Spanier, AFP, chapter 12 (pp. 278-299).
Walter Russell Mead, “The Carter Syndrome,” Foreign Policy, No. 177 (January/February 2010), pp. 58-64.
Zbigniew Brzezinski, “From Hope to Audacity,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 89, No. 1 (January/February 2010), pp. 16-30.
第十四週：川普與美國外交： Spoiler in the Making? 〈第十組〉
Special Issue, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 96, No. 1 (January/February 2017).
第十五週：加拿大外交與安全政策： Canada as a Middle Power
Sean Maloney, “Towards a New National Security Policy for Canada,” Defense & Security Analysis, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 199-206.
Robert W. Murray and John McCoy, “From Middle Power to Peacebuilder: The Use of the Canadian Forces in Modern Canadian Foreign Policy,” American Review of Canadian Studies, Vol. 40, No. 2 (2010), pp. 171-188.
Lasha Tchantouridzé, “The Unipolar World: Theory, Images, and Canada’s Foreign Policy Priorities,” Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, Vol. 18, No. 1 (2012), pp. 26-37.
第十六週：期末考試
第17-18週：世界變局下的北美地區國際關係：Where Are We Heading?
期中考試(或報告)：40%
期末考(或報告)：40%
書面摘要：10%
本課程將由同學分組，自第三週課程起，針對每周進度進行報告。每組人數，依實際修課人數而定。
每周負責同學須針對指定閱讀教材提供摘要報告；每組摘要報告以中文2,000字為限，條列式尤佳，並請於輪值當週的週三晚間10：00前，上傳至政大數位學習平台網站（http://wm5.nccu.edu.tw，搜尋「北美區域研究」一課），以供全班下載參閱。
課堂出席、參與及討論：10%
本課程以教師授課為主，並鼓勵同學踴躍參與課堂討論；如有參訪行程，繳交之心得報告亦併入此項成績計算。
自主學習與延伸閱讀：
為便利同學進行課後深化修習本課之成效，建議同學每週進行約4-6小時之自主學習。學習之內容，可參考課程期間所提供之新聞訊息、網站資訊、及建議參考書目。
James Scott and Jerel Rosati, The Politics of United States Foreign Policy, 7th Ed. (Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2020).
Stephen W. Hook and John Spanier, American Foreign Policy since World War II, 20th Ed. (hereafter, AFP) (Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2015).
George C. Herring, From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations since 1776 (NY: Oxford University Press, 2008).
Bruce Jentleson, American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century, 4th Ed. (NY: W.W. & Norton, 2010).
Stephen W. Hook and Christopher M. Jones, Routledge Handbook of American Foreign Policy (NY: Routledge, 2012).
James McCormick ed., The Domestic Sources of American Foreign Policy: Insights and Evidence, 6th Ed. (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2012).
Donald Snow, Cases in American Foreign Policy (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2013).
Nik Hynek & David Bosold, eds., Canada’s Foreign and Security Policy: Soft and Hard Strategies of a Middle Power (New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2010).