教學大綱 Syllabus

科目名稱:領導與外交決策分析

Course Name: Leadership and Foreign Policy Decision Analysis

修別:必

Type of Credit: Required

3.0

學分數

Credit(s)

85

預收人數

Number of Students

課程資料Course Details

課程簡介Course Description

正式課程大綱請以開學後Moodle上的大綱為準,接受已修畢國際關係的雙修生加簽,僅接受大四輔系生加簽。不開放非雙修輔系者選課。

本課程旨在闡明各國外交政策的決策過程,探討影響決策方向的若干國際、國內、以及個人因素。課程內容從理性選擇、公共選擇理論出發,建立對於決策科學理論的認識,佐以目前對政府以及企業決策的分析,討論如何能做出完善、符合行為者利益的決策。課程規劃以層次分析為主軸,討論個人、國內、以及國際體系三種層次的因素如何影響政治菁英、決策團體、利益團體、官僚組織、及否決者。本課程期望學生瞭解外交政策制定的過程中,決策者與國內外各式行為者之間的互動關係,洞察外交政策背後各種因素,以理論闡釋各種因素之間的因果關係,培養分析外交政策的書寫與口頭表達能力,最後,學生將學習如何評價外交政策,並且利用理論架構分析外交政策的未來走向。本課程將介紹學界對外交政策之制訂的相關理論以及研究發現,也將討論這些研究的可靠性與實用性。

核心能力分析圖 Core Competence Analysis Chart

能力項目說明


    課程目標與學習成效Course Objectives & Learning Outcomes

    • 理解外交政策之形成與實施
    • 認識影響外交決策之因素
    • 領導風格與組織管理對政策之影響
    • 學習外交決策相關之實證研究以及案例
    • 應用理論模型於外交政策分析

    每周課程進度與作業要求 Course Schedule & Requirements

    課程進度

    *打星號為建議閱讀清單

    Week 1 (9/2): Course introduction. Introduction to foreign policy decision making analysis, level of analysis,  neoclassical realism and foreign policy

    Mintz and DeRouen, Ch1, Ch2 (p15-24).

    Singer, J. David. “The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations.” World Politics 14, no. 1 (October 1961): 77–92. https://doi.org/10.2307/2009557.

    Lobell, Steven E., Norrin M. Ripsman, and Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, eds. Neoclassical Realism, the State, and Foreign Policy. 1 edition. Cambridge, UK ; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Ch 2 “Threat assessment, the state, and foreign policy: a neoclassical realist model”

    Week 2 (9/9): Rational model and expected utility theory, game theory, mixed strategy

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch 4

    Jonathan Mercer, "Rationality and Psychology in International Politics." International Organization, 59, 1 (Winter 2005): 77-106.

    *James D. Morrow, Game Theory for Political Scientists. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994. Ch 2.

    Week 3 (9/16): Bounded rationality, common rules for selection, non-compensatory decision making

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch 5 (skip prospect theory p75-77)

    Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, Steven E. Lobell, and Norrin M. Ripsman, "Introduction: Neoclassical Realism, the State, and Foreign Policy." In Steven E. Lobell, Norrin M. Ripsman, and Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, eds., Neoclassical Realism, the State, and Foreign Policy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. p.1-41.

    Morreau, Michael, "Arrow’s Theorem", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2019 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.),      URL = .           

    *Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, The War Trap. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981. p. 12-18.

     Individual level of analysis

    Week 4 (9/23): psychological approaches to foreign policy analysis, perception and misperception,

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch6, especially p. 99-101; 114-119. Ch7(p. 143-6).

    Robert Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1976), Ch. 1.

    *John Ahlquist and Margaret Levi. “Leadership: What It Means, What It Does, and What We Want to Know about It.” Annual Review of Political Science, 14 (2011): 1-24.

     

    Week 5 (10/7): emotions, typology of leadership

    Thomas Preston, The President and His Inner Circle: Leadership Style and the Advisory Process in Foreign Affairs. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001. Ch. 1.

    *Crawford, Neta C. “The Passion of World Politics: Propositions on Emotion and Emotional Relationships.” International Security 24, no. 4 (2000): 116–56.

    *Wong, Seanon S. “Mapping the Repertoire of Emotions and Their Communicative Functions in Face-to-Face Diplomacy.” International Studies Review. Accessed January 10, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viy079.

     

    Domestic level of analysis

    Week 6 (10/14): prospect theory, framing, agenda setting, applied personality studies,

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch 5. p. 75-87.ch8 p. 150-160

    Levy, Prospect Theory, Rational Choice, and International Relations. International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 41, No. 1. (Mar., 1997), pp. 87-112.

    *Michael J. Mazarr, “The Iraq War and Agenda Setting.” Foreign Policy Analysis, 3, 1 (January 2007):1-23.

    Week 7 (10/24): [quiz] Bureaucratic politics and organizational processes models 【上傳期末報告一頁摘要】

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch 3 p. 44-48; Ch8 p. 150-155.

    Allison, Essence of Decision, Ch 3, 5

    *Jonathan Bender and Thomas H. Hammond, “Rethinking Allison’s Models,” American Political Science Review, Vol. 86, No. 2 (June 1992), pp. 301-322.

    *Schafer, M., & Crichlow, S. (2010). Groupthink Versus High-Quality Decision Making in International Relations. Columbia University Press. .

    *Ronald Rogowski, “Institutions as Constraints on Strategic Choice.” In David A. Lake and Robert Powell, eds., Strategic Choice and International Relations.” Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999. Pp. 115-36.

    Week 8 (10/21): Diversionary war, Foreign lobby

    Mintz and DeRouen, Ch7(p. 129-46)

    张子介。台湾游说集团对美国国会的游说——以台北经济文化代表处和台湾人公共事务协会为例。美国研究,2015。

    Mearsheimer, John J., Stephen M. Walt. 2008. The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy. 1st edition. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Ch 5-6.

    *Tir, Jaroslav. 2010. “Territorial Diversion: Diversionary Theory of War and Territorial Conflict.” The Journal of Politics 72 (02): 413–25. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022381609990879.

    *Jack S. Levy, "The Diversionary Theory of War: A Critique." In Manus I. Midlarsky, ed., Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1989. Chap. 11.

    Week 9 (10/28): Democracies vs Authoritarianism, Audience Costs, Civil-Military Relations

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch7, especially 129-133.

    Kenneth A. Schultz, Democracy and Coercive Diplomacy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Chap. 3.

    Weeks, J. L. (2008). Autocratic Audience Costs: Regime Type and Signaling Resolve. International Organization, 62(1), 35–64.

    Michael C. Desch, Civilian Control of the Military: The Changing Security Environment. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. Ch2

    *Jack Snyder and Erica D. Borghard, "The Cost of Empty Threats: A Penny, Not a Pound." American Political Science Review 105, 3 (August 2011): 437-456.

    *Doyle, M. W. (2005). “Three Pillars of the Liberal Peace”. American Political Science Review, (3), 463–466.

     

    Week 10 (11/4): Social Identity Theory, ethnic relations and foreign policy,

    Goldstein, Judith and Robert O. Koehane. 1993. “Ideas and foreign policy: an analytical framework,” in Judith Goldstein and Robert O. Keohane, eds., Ideas and Foreign Policy, beliefs, institutions, and political change. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.  

    Davis, David R.,Will H. Moore. 1997. “Ethnicity Matters: Transnational Ethnic Alliances and Foreign Policy Behavior”, International Studies Quarterly 41 (1): 171–84.

    *Johnston, A. I.(2007). Social States: China in International Institutions, 1980-2000. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Ch2.

    *Aran, Amnon, 2009. Israel’s Foreign Policy Towards the PLO: The Impact of Globalization. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, Conclusions, pp112-119

    Week 11 (11/11): Two level games

    Putnam, Robert D. “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games”. International Organization 42: 3 (1988).

    Knopf, J. W. (1993). Beyond two-level games: domestic–international interaction in the intermediate-range nuclear forces negotiations. International Organization, 47(4), 599–628.

    Week 12 (11/18): Media effects, think tanks

    Mintz and DeRouen, ch 8, especially p. 160-166.

    Robinson, Piers. 1999.“The CNN Effect: Can the News Media Drive Foreign Policy” Review of International Studies. Vol 25, issue 2.

    Axworthy, L. .(1997). Canada and Human Security: The Need for Leadership. International Journal, 52(2), 183–196.

    Stone, Diane. “Global Public Policy, Transnational Policy Communities, and Their Networks.” Policy Studies Journal 36 (2008): 19-38.

    Week 13 (11/25):  [AMUN] Final exam

    Week 14 (12/2):  Class activities: leadership practice

    Week 15 (12/9): AI and foreign policy decision making

    Holmes, Marcus, and Nicholas J. Wheeler. “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Nuclear Crisis Decision Making: A Complement, Not a Substitute.” Australian Journal of International Affairs 78, no. 2 (March 3, 2024): 164–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2024.2333814.

    Whyte, Christopher. “Learning to Trust Skynet: Interfacing with Artificial Intelligence in Cyberspace.” Contemporary Security Policy 44, no. 2 (April 3, 2023): 308–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2023.2180882.

     

     

    System level of analysis

    Week 16 (12/16):  Grand strategy. Attribute of states and their foreign policy, Foreign policy of Great Powers

    Mintz and DeRouen, Ch9

    Kupchan, C. A. (2014). The Normative Foundations of Hegemony and The Coming Challenge to Pax Americana. Security Studies, 23(2), 219–257.

    *Vieira, Marco A., 2013, 'Brazil's foreign policy in the context of global climate norms', Foreign Policy Analysis, 9/4, pp369-86

    *Posen, B. R. (2015). Restraint: A New Foundation for U.S. Grand Strategy (1 edition). Cornell University Press. Ch1.

    Final paper due: 12/30 (TUE) 12:00 pm (noon) electronic submission to Turnitin.

    授課方式Teaching Approach

    70%

    講述 Lecture

    10%

    討論 Discussion

    20%

    小組活動 Group activity

    0%

    數位學習 E-learning

    0%

    其他: Others:

    評量工具與策略、評分標準成效Evaluation Criteria

    作業與考試說明

    • 本課程之各項考試、課堂活動、期末報告必須出席時間。本校已設置學生請假系統,學生請假利用系統登記。若不克出席,公假、事假請事先請妥,病假或其他不可抗力之原因需繳交證明。未獲教師許可之無故缺席均不得補考,以零分記。
    • 本課程不點名,課堂參與踴躍者,如發言提問,可額外加分。
    • 課堂活動未參與者該項0分(佔總成績15分),也請勿遲到,未完整參與者酌情扣分。

     

    以下為各項測驗活動說明:

    • 隨堂測驗(期中):預計於期中考周舉行,測驗時間兩個小時,包含簡答與申論題
    • 課堂活動領導決策練習,依期末報告分組舉行。
    • 期末考: 【請注意日期】11/25舉行,測驗時間三小時,包含選擇、簡答、申論,範圍為當週之前所有進度。為本課程唯一一次大型考試。
    • 期末外交決策分析團體書面報告:以四分組,為長篇報告。每組將隨機分配到一則外交事件中的一個國家(例如:俄羅斯侵略烏克蘭、中國成立亞投行、北韓發展核武、沙烏地阿拉伯卡達斷交等等),分析該國決策團隊,推測決策過程,並解釋過程對決策結果的影響
      • 第七周前請繳交一頁摘要。將題目、組員、牽涉之決策者或單位(至少三名)上傳至moodle由教師審核,長度不超過50,檔名命名為 【第一組_題目】
      • 期末報告以中文撰寫。報告長度介於5000-8000字(單行12號字新細明體)。上傳turnitin
      • 請勿用條列方式寫報告,請以段落的方式來論述。分段以及寫作流暢度為評分標準之一,請勿使用AI撰寫報告主文,請謹慎運用藉由AI處理取得的資訊,其資訊很有可能有誤。
      • 期末報告列每位決策者或單位「立場」(例如:支持發展核武),並給予決策者兩個分數,分別為「影響力(0-100)、以及「關切議題的程度(0-100)。這些資訊可由同學依據客觀資料推理,或自行推測得出,整份報告的重點為解釋你們如何、為何推算出這些數值報告可敘述決策中各行為者的交流、各行為者的立場與理念,請簡單介紹最後決策的內容,分析這是否符合你們對於每個行為者影響力與關切議題程度的敘述
      • 期末報告最後明列各組員的分工以及參考資料。分數將以整份報告的內容與品質為基礎,如有必要,再依據分工部分的表現酌情加減。
      • 請每組都要準備期末報告的投影片,報告長度限制在12分鐘內,簡介發現以及做報告過程中的困難,最後與書面報告一起繳交。
    • 最後一週將抽選15組上台分享,請所有組員都上台分工報告
    • 注意事項與規定

    • 抄襲是大忌。請不要把別人的作品當成你的報告。如果你認同某篇文章或書籍的想法,請用自己的話重述,再標明來源出處,切勿照抄。每份報告都會上傳至turnitin檢視。如有違反者,依「國立政治大學學生違反學術倫理審議辦法」處理。
    • AI可以補助你們學習,但不能代替你們學習。生成式AI在處理與分析歷史文獻有幻覺的現象,請勿依賴。
    • 作弊行為經確定者,依「國立政治大學學生獎懲辦法」處置。
    • 如有宗教因素、身體不適、親人急難等原因必須缺課以及缺席各項考試與測驗,請提前告知教師或於事後告知。因病請假者,請出示相關證明。
    • 課程所使用之書籍與文章皆有版權,拷貝為教學用。請勿用於學習以外之用途。
    • 上課時請將手機調為靜音或振動。上課交談請勿影響其他同學以及教師。
    • 本課程授課語言為中文,無法以中文報告或考試的同學請勿修習

    指定/參考書目Textbook & References

    指定書籍

     

    Mintz K. & DeRouen R., (2010). Understanding foreign policy decision making. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. 請登記購買,登記後請勿反悔。

    Epub版本 https://www.kobo.com/tw/zh/ebook/understanding-foreign-policy-decision-making

    尊重著作權,請購買正版書籍

    除指定圖書外,每週閱讀清單之書籍文章皆有PDF檔。請至Moodle下載。

    *星號為建議閱讀清單

    建議相關圖書

    Hudson, V. M., & Day, B. S. (2019). Foreign Policy Analysis: Classic and Contemporary Theory (Third edition). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

    Smith, Steve, Amelia Hadfield, and Timothy Dunne. Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, Cases. Third edition. Oxford: University Press, 2016.

    Neack, Laura. Studying Foreign Policy Comparatively: Cases and Analysis. 4 edition. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2018.

    Morin, Jean-Frederic. Foreign Policy Analysis: A Toolbox. SpringerLink. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61003-0. 圖書館可取得電子書

    Steinbruner, John D. The Cybernetic Theory of Decision: New Dimensions of Political Analysis. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1974.

    Jervis, Robert. Perception and Misperception in International Politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1976.

    Dixit, A. K., & Nalebuff, B. J. (2010). The Art of Strategy: A Game Theorist’s Guide to Success in Business and Life. W. W. Norton & Company. 思辨賽局:看穿局勢、創造優勢的策略智慧,商業周刊

    Janis, I. L. (1982). Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes (2 edition). Cengage Learning.

    Schelling, T. C. (2008). Arms and Influence: With a New Preface and Afterword (Revised edition). Yale University Press. 武備的影響力,國防部史政編譯室編譯處

    已申請之圖書館指定參考書目 圖書館指定參考書查詢 |相關處理要點

    維護智慧財產權,務必使用正版書籍。 Respect Copyright.

    本課程可否使用生成式AI工具Course Policies on the Use of Generative AI Tools

    有條件開放使用:AI可作為搜尋、釐清歷史資料來源的基礎,AI於本課程中並非可靠的工具,請謹慎使用 Conditional Permitted to Use

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