Type of Credit: Elective
Credit(s)
Number of Students
This seminar will introduce students to national security and foreign policy considerations in international business. Topics include export controls on military and commercial items including nonproliferation concepts and policies to combat weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and delivery systems, and conventional arms, including a review of international nonproliferation regimes. This seminar-style class will focus on key issues related to how nonproliferation and national security policies are implemented through strategic trade controls and sanctions at national levels. The class will review how countries balance security with prosperity, how countries cooperate each other in balancing security and prosperity in global trade, and how effective strategic trade controls and sanctions can be key in meeting nonproliferation and national security policies and goals. Lastly, the class will review national security concerns related to emerging technologies, foreign investments, and supply chain.
能力項目說明
This seminar will introduce students to national security and foreign policy considerations in international business. Topics include export controls on military and commercial items including nonproliferation concepts and policies to combat weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and delivery systems, and conventional arms, including a review of international nonproliferation regimes. This seminar-style class will focus on key issues related to how nonproliferation and national security policies are implemented through strategic trade controls and sanctions at national levels. The class will review how countries balance security with prosperity, how countries cooperate each other in balancing security and prosperity in global trade, and how effective strategic trade controls and sanctions can be key in meeting nonproliferation and national security policies and goals. Lastly, the class will review national security concerns related to emerging technologies, foreign investments, and supply chain.
| 教學週次Course Week | 彈性補充教學週次Flexible Supplemental Instruction Week | 彈性補充教學類別Flexible Supplemental Instruction Type |
|---|---|---|
Week 1: Introduction of class, expectations and goals
Reading:
W. Seth Carus, Defining “Weapons of Mass Destruction”, CSWMD Occasional Paper 8, 1 January 2012: https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/717937/defining-weapons-of-mass-destruction-revised/
John P. Caves and W. Seth Carus, The Future of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Their Nature and Role in 2030, CSWMD Occasional Paper 10, 1 June 2014 https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/717932/the-future-of-weapons-of-mass-destruction-their-nature-and-role-in-2030/
Sibylle Bauer, For the bathroom or the missile factory? Why dual-use trade controls matter, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 12 December 2012 https://sipri.org/commentary/essay/2012/bathroom-or-missile-factory-why-dual-use-trade-controls-matter
Week 2: Multilateral nonproliferation regimes: missiles; chemical and biological weapons; nuclear weapons; dual-use national security items; select individual presentation on a WMD program.
Reading:
General Accountability Office: Nonproliferation: Strategy needed to Strengthen Multilateral Export Control Regimes, October 2002, pp. 1 – 30, https://www.gao.gov/assets/240/236191.pdf
Michael D. Beck and Scott A. Jones, The Once and Future Multilateral Export Control Regimes: Innovate or Die, Strategic Trade Review, Winter/Spring 2019 pp. 55 – 76, https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Strategic-Trade-Review-WinterSpring-2019.pdf
Michael D. Beck and Seema Gahlaut, Creating a New Multilateral Export Control Regime, Arms Control Today, Volume 33, April 2003, https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2003-04/features/creating-new-multilateral-export-control-regime
Challenges to Multilateral Export Controls: The case for Inter-regime Dialogue and Coordination, SIPRI, December 2019, https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2019-12/1912_regime_dialogue_brockmann.pdf
https://cset.georgetown.edu/event/a-new-export-control-regime-for-the-21st-century/
Week 3: Multilateral nonproliferation regimes - delivery systems: Hague Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCOC); Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR). Guest speaker
Reading:
Inventory of International nonproliferation organizations and Regimes, HCOC, https://www.nti.org/learn/treaties-and-regimes/hague-code-conduct-against-ballistic-missile-proliferation-hcoc/
Missile Technology Control Regime https://mtcr.info
Joshua H. Pollack, Miles Pomper, Ferenc Dalnoki-Veress, Joy Nasr, and Dave Schmerler, Options for a Verifiable Freeze on North Korea’s Missile Programs CNS Occasional Paper # 46, April 2019 https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/options_for_a_verifiable_freeze.pdf
Current U.S. Missile Defense Programs at a Glance, Arms Control Association, August 2019, https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/usmissiledefense
U.S. and Allied Ballistic Missile Defenses in the Asia-Pacific Region, Arms Control Association, January 2019, https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/us-allied-ballistic-missile-defenses-asia-pacific-region
https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile-maps-infographics/
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/north-korea-nuclear-weapons-missile-tests-military-capabilities
Week 4: Multilateral nonproliferation regimes - nuclear, chemical and biological weapons: Nuclear Suppliers Group; Zangger Committee; Australia Group; Guest speaker
Reading:
Read Country Reports for U.S., Russia, Pakistan, India, France, UK, North Korea, Iran, and China https://www.nti.org/learn
Nuclear Suppliers Group https://nuclearsupliersgroup.org
Implications for US Extended Deterrence and Assurance in East Asia, November 22, 2015 https://www.38north.org/2015/11/nukefuture112015/
U.S. Nuclear and Extended Deterrence: Considerations and Challenges, May 2010, https://www.brookings.edu/research/u-s-nuclear-and-extended-deterrence-considerations-and-challenges/ - skim
The Unforeseen Consequences of Extended Deterrence: Moral Hazard in a Nuclear Client State, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022002717729025 - optional
Australia Group https://australiagroup.org
https://www.opcw.org/ “About Us” link
https://www.un.org/disarmament/biological-weapons/
“about bwc” link
https://www.gppi.net/media/GPPi_Schneider_Luetkefend_2019_Nowhere_to_Hide_Web.pdf Read pp 1-14. Skim the rest
Week 5: Conventional weapons proliferation: Wassenaar Arrangement; Guest Speaker
Readings
Wassenaar Arrangement https://wassenaar.org
https://www.wassenaar.org/app/uploads/2019/12/WA-DOC-19-PUB-005-Public-Docs-Vol-III-Comp.-of-Best-Practice-Documents-Dec.-2019.pdf
skim
Scott Jones, Think twice before bringing back the COCOM export control regime, April 2021, https://www.defensenews.com/opinion/commentary/2021/04/09/think-twice-before-bringing-back-the-cocom-export-control-regime/
The Best of ChinaPower: Xi Jinping’s Military-Civil Fusion Project: A Conversation with Greg Levesque https://www.csis.org/node/61453 (Podcast)
NP Singh, Jan-Mar 2022, http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/military-civil-fusion-strategy-of-china/
https://www.stimson.org/event/next-steps-on-post-delivery-controls-for-international-arms-transfers/ - Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmYIL6xTVRE (Video presentation of Changing State-Business Relations Under the US-China Tech War)
Week 6: Individual presentations on a WMD program; select group presentation on a strategic trade control system in the Asia Pacific region;
Week 7: Strategic trade controls - adopting multilateral controls into national strategic trade controls - development of national systems (possible research day or holiday – class and associated readings will be adjusted accordingly)
Reading:
United Nations Security Council Resolution1540 Committee https://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/resolutions-committee-reports-and-SC-briefings/security-council-resolutions.shtml
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 Implementation: More of the Same or Brave New World
https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Strategic-Trade-Review-Winter-2019.pdf
2021-2022 Comprehensive Review of UNSCR 1540 https://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/documents/Background%20Document-1540%20Committee%20Open%20Consultations%20CR%202021-22.pdf
Week 8: (research day)
Week 9: Basic elements to developing national strategic trade control systems; Export control systems within Asia Pacific region; Guest speaker
Reading:
David Santoro and Carl Baker, “Special Section: Trade Controls in Southeast Asia,” Strategic Trade Review, Spring 2016, pp. 72 - 139 https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/STR_02.pdf
“Nonproliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction,” A Memorandum from the Council http://www.cscap.org/uploads/docs/Memorandums/CSCAP%20Memorandum%20No%2022%20--%20Nonproliferation%20of%20Weapons%20of%20Mass%20Destruction.pdf
“Guidelines for Managing Trade of Strategic Goods,” A Memorandum from the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific (CSCAP) NO. 14, March 2009 http://www.cscap.org/uploads/docs/Memorandums/CSCAP%20Memorandum%20No%2014%20--%20Guidelines%20for%20Managing%20Trade%20of%20Strategic%20Goods.pdf
The Center for Information on Security Trade Controls (CISTEC) Export Control Model of Japan: Role, Utility, and Management, Strategic Trade Review, Winter/Spring 2019 pp. 77 - 92 https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Strategic-Trade-Review-WinterSpring-2019.pdf
Frauke Renz, “An Additional Tool for Economic Integration? How Coordination on Strategic Trade Controls Can Promote Regional Cooperation within ASEAN,” Strategic Trade Review, Autumn 2016, pp. 85 - 102 https://strategictraderesearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/STR_03.pdf
Elements of an Effective Export Control System, pdf file
Week 10: Sanctions; human rights and other non-national security/WMD based controls; Guest speaker
Reading:
John Park, Jim Walsh, “Stopping North Korea, Inc.: Sanctions Effectiveness and Unintended Consequences,” MIT, 2016 https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/legacy/files/Stopping%20North%20Korea%20Inc%20Park%20and%20Walsh%20.pdf read pp 1-30, skim rest
PODCAST: “Do Sanctions Work,” Tell Me More, National Public Radio 2013. Run time: 11minutes https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=246733368
https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2020/oct/11/chilling-effect-us-sanctions-iran
skim related materials links
Jonathan Masters, “What Are Economic Sanctions?” Council on Foreign Relations, Backgrounder, August 2019 https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-are-economic-sanctions
United States General Accounting Office “Economic Sanctions: Effectiveness as Tools of Foreign Policy” February 1992 https://www.gao.gov/assets/nsiad-92-106.pdf (skim)
The Treasury 2021 Sanctions Review https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/Treasury-2021-sanctions-review.pdf
Are sanctions actually hurting Russia's economy? Here's what you need to know, July 2022, https://www.npr.org/2022/07/01/1109033582/are-sanctions-actually-hurting-russias-economy-heres-what-you-need-to-know (Podcast)
Gerard DiPippo, Strangling the Bear? Sanctions on Russia after Four Months, June 2022, https://www.csis.org/analysis/strangling-bear-sanctions-russia-after-four-months
Week 11: Sanctions continued
Week 12: Group presentations; guest speaker
Week 13: Group presentations continued; Export control compliance from industry perspective – Guest speaker
Week 14: Supply chain security; national security review of foreign investments; Guest speaker
Reading:
Supply chain security
Building Resilient Supply Chains, Revitalizing American Manufacturing, and Fostering Broad-based Growth July 2021 https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/100-day-supply-chain-review-report.pdf Read pp.1 – 18, 21-27, 53-80. Skim pp 27-53.
Bradley Martin, “Supply Chain Disruptions: The Risks and Consequences,” November 2021, https://www.rand.org/blog/2021/11/supply-chain-disruptions-the-risks-and-consequences.html
https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/taiwans-role-us-semiconductor-supply-chain-network
https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/taiwans-role-us-semiconductor-supply-chain-network (Video)
FDI
World Investment Report 2022, https://unctad.org/webflyer/world-investment-report-2022
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11334
An FDI Investigation, https://www.csis.org/node/54674 (Podcast)
Week 15: Emerging/foundational technologies;
Reading:
Kolja Brockmann, Sibylle Bauer, Vincent Boulanin, “Emerging technologies pose challenges to the control of biological weapons, new SIPRI report,” SIPRI, March 2019 https://www.sipri.org/publications/2019/other-publications/bio-plus-x-arms-control-and-convergence-biology-and-emerging-technologies
Scott A. Jones, “Trading Emerging Technologies: Export Controls Meet Reality,” Brill.com, February 2021, https://brill.com/view/journals/shrs/aop/article-10.1163-18750230-31010004/article-10.1163-18750230-31010004.xml?language=en
Review of Controls for Certain Emerging Technologies, Bureau of Industry and Security, U.S. Department of Commerce, November 2018 https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/11/19/2018-25221/review-of-controls-for-certain-emerging-technologies
Emerging Technologies Developments in the Context of Dual-Use Export Controls https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2021/september/tradoc_159791.pdf
EU-US Trade and Technology Council (europa.eu) (Review all links on left-hand side and documents)
Week 16: Academic research/collaboration; intangible technology transfer; technology transfers to foreign nationals (deemed export); Guest speaker
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhOpIq4oPFc (Video)
https://itlaw.wikia.org/wiki/Deemed_Export
Catalogue of Case Studies on Intangible Technology Transfers from Universities and Research Institutes, September 2020, https://www.kcl.ac.uk/csss/assets/itt-case-studies-2020.pdf
https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/file/1107256/download
https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/12/02/1040656/china-initative-us-justice-department/
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32021H1700&qid=1671944227540&from=EN pages 24 – 36, appendices 1, 2, 3, and 4. Skim the rest.
https://research.umbc.edu/export-control-case-studies/ (new for spring 2024)
Week 17: “Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb”: Wrap-up
Week 18: Final papers due
20% class participation; 20% one individual presentation; 20% group presentation; 40% written essay between 7 -10 pages. In addition, two or three unresolved issues/questions from the reading material should be presented for discussion for each class.
Topical reading list will be provided prior to commencement of class. Guest speakers will be incorporated throughout the seminar.