教學大綱 Syllabus

每周課程進度與作業要求 Course Schedule & Requirements

教學週次Course Week	彈性補充教學週次Flexible Supplemental Instruction Week	彈性補充教學類別Flexible Supplemental Instruction Type
17+1週17+1 weeks	第 17 週 Week 17	自主總整學習Capstone self-learning

2/20 課程介紹與教學準備

 

了解解放軍：人、組織、結構、部署

中國武裝力量的範圍？軍隊的兵、士官、軍官從何而來？兵役制度？怎麼組織他們？他們被部署在哪裡？為什麼稱解放軍？什麼時候改稱解放軍？歷史上的名稱？

 

2/27 什麼是解放軍？

    Dennis Blasko, The Chinese Army Today--Tradition and Transformation for the 21^st Century (London/New York: Routledge, 2012), Chapters 1-2, pp. 1-55.

    David Shambaugh, Modernizing China’s Military--Progress, Problems and Prospects (Berkeley, CA: 2003), Chap 4, pp. 108-183.

   Philip Saunders, Arthur Ding, Andrew Scobell, Andrew Yang, and Joel Wuthnow, Chairman Xi Remakes the PLA--Assessing Chinese Military Reforms (Washington DC: NDU Press, 2019), Introduction, pp. 1-42. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/Books/Chairman-Xi/Chairman-Xi.pdf

 

3/5 誰是解放軍？

    Blasko, pp. 56-79.

    田佑中，學生官：軍營裏的知識份子（北京：社會科學文獻，2005年）。

    范宏宙與張育君，「中共軍改兩級院校體制下生長幹部招生院校現況研究」，海軍學術雙月刊，第五十一卷第六期(2017年12月)，頁22-35。https://navy.mnd.gov.tw/Files/Paper/2-%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E8%BB%8D%E6%94%B9%E5%85%A9%E7%B4%9A%E9%99%A2%E6%A0%A1%E9%AB%94%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%8B.pdf

    寇健文，「1987年以後解放軍領導人的政治流動：專業化與制度化的影響」，中國大陸研究，第54卷第2期 (2011年6月)，頁1-34。

    Joel Wuthnow, Gray Dragons: Assessing China’s Senior Military Leadership (Washington DC: NDU Press, 2022). https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/stratperspective/china/china-perspectives-16.pdf.

 

若對中國軍事院校最新發展有興趣者，請參閱：Kenneth Allen and Mingzhi Chen, The People’s Liberation Army’s 37 Academic Institutions (Montgomery, AL: China Aerospace Studies Institute, Air University, June 11, 2020), https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/CASI/documents/Research/Other-Topics/2020-06-11%20PLA%20Academic_Institutions.pdf.

 

解放軍的歷史和轉變

中國軍隊長期處於派系把持。派系是什麼？中國軍隊為何長期被派系把持？派系在1949年建政後40多年和政治的關係？

 

3/12 中國軍隊的過去。野戰軍為主的派系。這涉及中國文武/黨軍關係。

     William Whitson, The Chinese High Command; a History of Communist Military Politics, 1927-71 (New York: Praeger, 1973), pp. 3-122, 416-435, 498-517.

 

 3/19 中國軍隊的轉變。軍隊和政治有密切關係，其轉變夾雜政治與意識型態正當性。

     Nan Li, From Revolutionary Internationalism to Conservative Nationalism: The Chinese Military’s Discourse on National security and Identity in the post-Mao Era (Washington DC: US Institute of Peace, May 2001). http://www.usip.org/pubs/PeaceWorks/PDF/pwks39.pdf.

     丁樹範，中共軍事思想的改變，1979-1991 (台北：1996年)，頁7-69。

     Ellis Joffe, The Chinese Army after Mao (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1987), Chapter 7 and Conclusion, pp. 149-183.

 

3/26 改革開放帶來的衝擊。中國經濟和社會歷經重大轉變，這個轉變如何影響軍隊與政治和社會關係。

     丁樹範，「中國社會變遷對「雙擁」政策的衝擊」，中國大陸研究，第50卷第3期（中華民國96年7/9月），頁29-49。http://iir.nccu.edu.tw/index.php?include=research&mode=detail&kind=2&id=2120&ajax=1.

     David M. Finkelstein and Kristen Gunness (eds), Civil-Military Relations in Today’s China: Swimming in a New Sea (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2007), Chapters 1, 2, 11, 12.

     You Ji, “Fragmented Party Control of the Gun,” in Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard (ed) Chinese Politics as Fragmented Authoritarianism—Earthquakes, Energy, and Environment(London/New York: Routledge, 2017), pp. 204-222.

 

軍隊與決策

軍隊在決策的角色？不同時期的角色？

 

4/2 中國軍隊與決策過程(I)。中國軍隊在政治結構上有特別地位，因此，人們會問：軍隊在安全和外交政策的角色為何？不同時期的政治結構為何？派系與官僚影響？影響力有多大？判斷的標準為何？

    John Lewis, Hua Di, and Xue Litai "Beijing's Defense Establishment: Solving the Arms Export Enigma." International Security, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Spring 1991), pp. 87-109.

    Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm, SIPRI, September 2010), pp. 1-51. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.

    Isaac B. Kardon and Philip C. Saunders, “Re-Considering the PLA as an Interest Group,” in Philip Saunders and Andrew Scobell (eds) PLA Influence on China’s National Security Policymaking (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015), pp. 33-57.

 

4/9 中國軍隊與決策過程(II)

    Michael Swaine, “The PLA Role in China’s Foreign Policy and Crisis Behavior,” in Philip Saunders and Andrew Scobell (eds) ibid., pp. 141-165.

    Eric Hagt, “The Rise of PLA Diplomacy,” in Philip Saunders and Andrew Scobell (eds) ibid., pp. 218-238.

    Taylor Fravel, “The PLA and National Security Decision-making: Insights from China’s Territorial and Maritime Disputes,” in Philip Saunders and Andrew Scobell (eds) ibid., pp. 249-273.

 

作戰

 

4/16 中國核戰略(nuclear doctrine)的爭論。什麼是核戰略？是否可用美國發展出的概念討論中國的核戰略？是否有「中國特色」的核戰略？核武器在現今的地位何在？核戰略與導彈防禦體系關係？及導彈防禦體系與極音速飛行器的關係？注意以下人士不同觀點。

     Jonathan Ray, Red China’s “Capitalist Bomb”: Inside the Chinese Neutron Bomb Program (Washington DC: NDU Press, 2015). https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/stratperspective/china/ChinaPerspectives-8.pdf.

     吳日強(Ri-qiang Wu), “Certainty of Uncertainty: Nuclear Strategy with Chinese Characteristics,” POSSE website.

     李彬，「中國核戰略辨析」，世界經濟與政治（北京），2006年第9期，頁16-22。http://learn.tsinghua.edu.cn:8080/2000990313/2006libin.htm.

     Alastair I. Johnston, "China's New 'Old Thinking': The Concept of Limited Deterrence" International Security, Vol. 20, No.3 (Winter 1995/6) pp. 5-42.

     Michael S. Chase and Evan Medeiros, “China’s Evolving Nuclear Calculus: Modernization and Doctrinal Debate,” in David Finkelstein and James Mulvenon (eds), China’s Revolution in Doctrinal Affairs: Emerging Trends in the Operational Art of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (Alexandra, VA: CNA, November 2005), pp. 119-157, https://indianstrategicknowledgeonline.com/web/doctrinebook.pdf.

 

4/23 解釋中國的戰爭。戰爭是研究國際關係的重要議題。戰爭為何發生？現實主義理論如何解釋戰爭的發生？中國的戰爭行為是否有其特色？中國使用武力是否有模式？西方對戰爭的解釋是否適用來解釋中國的戰爭行為？

    Jonathan Adelman and Shih Chih-yu, Symbolic War: The Chinese Use of Force, 1840-1980 (Taipei: IIR, 1993).(或考參考石之瑜老師其他相關著作)

    Allen S. Whiting, "China’s Use of Force, 1950-96, and Taiwan," International Security, Vol. 26, No. 2 (Fall 2001), pp. 103-131.

     Alastair I. Johnston, “Cultural Realism and Strategy in Maoist China,” in Peter Katzenstein (ed) The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics (NY: Columbia, 1996), pp. 216-268.

     施道安(Andrew Scobell), China's Use of Military Force: beyond the Great Wall and the Long March (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003), Chapters 1-3, pp. 1-78.

 

4/30 脅迫戰略 (Coercive Behavior)。過去兩年有關中國將武力攻台的說法引起國際高度關注。然而，事實卻是中國採取介於戰爭和和平間的脅迫戰略。對脅迫戰略有不同稱法：中國軍方稱為戰略威懾，或軍事威懾；西方多以灰色地帶戰略(Grey Zone Strategy)稱之。

    James A. Siebens (ed), China’s Use of Armed Coercion--To Win without Fighting (London: Routledge, 2023), Chapters 1-3, 5, 9, 10.

    戰略學(北京：解放軍國防大學，2020年)，第八章(戰略威懾)，頁126-141。

 

5/7 軍事戰略

    Mark R. Cozad, “Toward a More Joint, Combat Ready PLA?” in Philip Saunders, Arthur Ding, Andrew Scobell, Andrew N. D. Yang, and Joel Wuthnow (eds) Chairman Xi Remakes the PLA: Assessing Chinese Military Reforms (Washington DC: National Defense University 2019), pp. 203-226. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Publications/Books/Chairman-Xi-Remakes-the-PLA/.

    Taylor Fravel, Active Defense--China’s Military Strategy since 1949 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019).

 

5/14 作戰。實際作戰的考慮因素和不同對手的因應。

    Mark A. Ryan, David M. Finkelstein, and Michael McDevitt (eds) Chinese Warfighting--The PLA Experience since 1949 (New York/London: M. E. Sharpe, 2003), Chapters 1, 5, 8, 9

 

5/21 非戰爭任務。中國武裝力量面臨越來越多非作戰任務。

    Andrew Scobell, Arthur S. Ding, Phillip C. Saunders, and Scott W. Harold, The People’s Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China (Washington DC: NDU Press, 2015), Chapters 7, 8, 13.

https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/Books/PLA-contingency/PLA-Contingency-Planning-China.pdf.

    中國武裝力量的多樣化運用http://www.mod.gov.cn/big5/regulatory/2013-04/16/content_4617811_2.htm

 

國防經濟。國防（軍事）經濟在中國已成為顯學，因此有需要瞭解什麼是國防經濟。

 

5/28 中國國防工業。國防工業不只是資源投入的問題，還涉及政治角力以決定資源分配優先順序和計畫管理。創新更涉及科技體制，政治、經濟、教育、社會制度、資源分配管理機制，及計劃管理體制等複雜議題。

    Thomas Kennedy (原著)，楊天宏與陳力（翻譯），李鴻章與中國軍事工業近代化（成都 : 四川大學出版 四川省 : 新華經銷, 1992）。

    Evan A. Feigenbaum (原著)，國防部（翻譯），中共科技先驅—從核子時代到資訊時代的國家安全與戰略競爭（台北：國防部長辦公室，2006年5月）。

    陳文政，「軍事創新的理論發展：科技比較研究的角度」，問題與研究，第50卷第3期(2011年9月)。

    Tai-ming Cheung, “Dragon on the Horizon: China’s Defense Industrial Renaissance,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol 32. No. 1 (February 2009), pp. 29-66.

    Tai-ming Cheung, Innovate to Dominate--the Rise of the Chinese Techno-Security State (Ithaca and London: Cornell University, 2022), pp. 1-50.

 

6/4 軍事武獲(Military Acquisition/Procurement)。中國稱為採辦。不論名稱，其具體內容是購買武器。購買武器是複雜的過程，涉及：外在環境的威脅與威脅性質和大小，優先順利排列，軍種間的競爭，預算多寡，及外購或自製

    Taiming Cheung and Eric Hagt, China’s Efforts in Civil-Military Integration, Its Impact on the Development of China’s Acquisition System, and Implications for the US (Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School, January 8, 2020).

    Yoram Evron, China’s Military Procurement in the Reform Era: the Setting of New Direction (NY/London: Routledge, 2016), Introduction and Chapters 4-6.

    William C. Hannas, James Mulvenon, and Anna B. Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionag--Technology Acquisition and Military Modernization (London/New York: Routledge, 2013), Chapters 9-10, pp. 216-244.

 

6/11 中共軍事議題回顧。關鍵問題：如何分析中國軍事議題？什麼方法？如何跨越文化鴻溝？

    Peter Mattis, Analyzing the Chinese Military--A Review Essay and Resource Guide on the People’s Liberation Army (Washington DC: The Jamestown Foundation, 2015).